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Plantago princeps var. longibracteata

H.Mann (1868)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Plantaginaceae Genus: Plantago

ale, laukahi kuahiwi

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Robust perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems densely woolly and unbranched up to 1 dm long.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Tufted near the tips of the stems. Blades narrowly oblong–lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or sometimes elliptic, 6–30 cm long, 1.5–5 cm wide, blades undifferentiated from petioles. Apex acute to acuminate. Base slightly narrowed at base and sessile, or gradually attenuate to a winged petiole. Surfaces glabrous or lower surfaces sometimes appressed pilose; blades thick, coriaceous. Margins minutely and remotely denticulate or entire. (3–)5–9-veined, the veins usually converging toward base. Petioles up to 5 cm long, winged. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in scapes usually several, 10–50 cm long, spikes (7–)11–28 cm long, glabrous to sparsely pilose, flowers in loose to moderately congested spikes, each flower ascending. bracts lanceolate,1.2–3 mm long, glabrous but sometimes woolly at base, bracteoles absent. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx of 4 sepals, subequal, distinct, elliptic to elliptic–ovate, 1.8–3.2 mm long, scarious except on midrib, glabrous or ciliate, apex sometimes minutely erose. Corolla salverform, 4-lobed, scarious, persistent in fruit, the tube covering the upper part of the capsule, lobes spreading, 1.5–2 mm long. Stamens 4, alternate with the corolla tubes; filaments adnate to corolla tube; anthers long–exserted, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate, with as many cells; ovules apparently (2?)4, placentation axile; style 1, terminal, slender.

Fruit: Capsules narrowly ovoid–ellipsoid; 3–3.8 mm long; enclosed in the persistent calyx; slightly exserted from calyx; dehiscent at a point ⅔ to base or slightly more. Seeds 3–4; black; ellipsoid to oblong–ellipsoid; 1.5–2.1 mm long; the surface apparently with a mucilaginous membrane; with well–developed; firm; translucent endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 12

Habitat: Steep slopes; rock walls; or at bases of waterfalls.

Elevation Range: 790–800 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 189 (1868)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1055 (K, O)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron short statured wet forest with open bog habitat dissected by headwater drainages with general such as Melicope, Myrsine, Dubautia, Cheirodendron, Metrosideros, Coprosma, Labordia, Psychotria, Vaccinium, and Kadua, fern general include Asplenium, Adenophorus, Dryopteris, Sadleria, El Preserved_Specimen Shrubs, unbranched, leaf base with purple tinge, peduncles green or purple, in flooded zone along banks of stream, occasional Wood, K.R. 16261 Kauai BISH 2015-01-21
2 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open slope w/ Lobelia gaudichaudii, Scaevola glabra, Bidens, Eugenia, Metrosideros rugosa, Nertera Preserved_Specimen Stemmermann, R.L. 1206 Oahu BISH 1976-10-31
3 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On steep clay bank Preserved_Specimen Wilson, K.A. 126 Oahu BISH 1952-04-06
4 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details rock fall at base of back wall; Sadleria, Bidens, Hedyotis elatior, Cyrtandra, Pipturus ruber Preserved_Specimen herb; leaves in basal rosette to 25 cm long, conspicuous parallel venetion; flower on a spike, to 30 cm long Trauernicht, C. 732 Kauai BISH 2009-02-11
5 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Riparian vegetation within hanging valley with patches of Metrosideros lowland wet forest surrounded by seeping vertical basalt cliffs and large waterfalls w/ Antidesma platyphylla, Perrotettia sandwicensis, Dubautia knudsenii, Psychotria hexandra, Kadua tryblium, Bobea elatior, Polyscias oahuensis, Coprosma kauensis, Cyanea recta, C. fissa, Labordia tin Preserved_Specimen Herb, along lower walls near waterfalls and on banks of stream, w/ flower and fruit, ca. 50 plants seen. Wood, K.R. 18605 Kauai BISH 2020-12-09
6 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on damp rocks. Preserved_Specimen Four small succulent prostrate plants noted. Cuddihy, L.W. 308 Kauai BISH 1980-04-10
7 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Deep valley surrounded by steep cliffs ca. 1000 m high laced with waterfalls, low primary vegetation of small stunted trees 1-2 m tall, numerous pteridophytes and Gunnera over saturated rocky ground. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6354 Kauai BISH 1990-06-13
8 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 391 Oahu BISH 1908-12-24
9 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 391 Oahu BISH 1908-12-24
10 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 612 Kauai BISH 1864-01-01
11 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
12 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-05-03
13 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 612 Kauai BISH 1864-01-01
14 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-05-08
15 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. 16005 Oahu BISH 1916-06-11
16 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Machaerina angustifolia wet herbland w/ Boehmeria, Bidens, Diplazium sandwichianum, Psychotria, Perrottetia, Hedyotis elatior, Isachne pallens, Hedyotis tryblium, Dubautia knudsenii, Wikstroemia, Ilex, Freycinetia, Broussaisia. Preserved_Specimen Scattered plants in stream, with immature fruit. Perlman, S. 13121 Kauai BISH 1992-11-19
17 Plantago princeps var. longibracteata Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Riparian Pipturus, Machaerina angustifolia, Sadleria cyathioides, Perrottetia sandwicensis Cyrtandra wainihaensis, Boehmeria grandis, Metrosideros, Bidens, Lipochaeta connata var acris, Dubautia plantaginea, Preserved_Specimen Plants on cliff walls, flowering, fruiting 1 ft ht Perlman, S. 24355 Kauai BISH 2015-02-10
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